Imagine Observatory, 19th edition. Proteins, ferments and 'withouts' drive spending

The nineteenth edition ofObservatory I imagine of GS1 Italy, created with NielsenIQ sales data, reads the spending of Italians in 2025 through the labels of 151,203 products widely consumed. The sample developed 57.3 billion euros in sales, equal to 82.7% of the amount collected by hypermarkets, supermarkets and self-service shops (GS1 Italy, 2026).

The thing that distinguishes this edition is the return of the volumes. Volume sales of packaged consumer goods grew by 0.7% and nine of the ten phenomena monitored ended the year at the same level or with an increase. For 2024 GIFT had reported a balance sheet of the opposite sign, with purchases decreasing by 1.8% (Strinati, 2025b). The comparison should be read knowing that starting from the eighteenth edition the perimeter of the Observatory also includes self-service, i.e. supermarkets under 400 square metres.

However, growth is not uniform. It focuses on indications that promise a precise function, such as proteins, i lactic ferments and theabsence of lactose, and on those that tell how food is produced by farming without antibiotics al zero residue. However, many historians retreatfree from', from preservatives to palm oil.

Less sugar and more protein

The metaproduct I guess it is the median nutritional label of Italian spending, calculated as the weighted average of the values ​​declared by 84,817 foods and drinks. In 2025 the energy remains stable, while the composition changes. Sugars drop by 3.9%, more than double compared to -1.7% in 2024, and proteins rise by 1.8% compared to +1.1% the year before (Strinati, 2025b).

The average nutritional shopping table, per 100 g or 100 ml, looks like this:

– energy: 173.9 kcal, stable (-0.3%);

– fats: 8.6 g (+0.8%), of which saturated fatty acids 2.9 g (+0.7%). They grow in egg, mozzarella, sweet spreads, tablets Chocolate And Olive oil; they drop in traditional biscuits, mayonnaise, long-life milk and ice cream;

– carbohydrates: 18.5 g (-2.4%), of which sugars 6.8 g (-3.9%). The drop in sugars is driven by cola-flavoured drinks, sweet spreads, Jams, chocolate bars, tea and fruit drinks, healthy biscuits and yogurt entire;

– fibers: 2.2 g (-0.9%). They are used in snacks, dried legumes and fourth-range vegetables; they go up in rusks, wholemeal biscuits, breakfast cereals and cracker;

– proteins: 6.6 g (+1.8%). They grow in eggs, Pasta From durum wheat semolina, long-life milk and mozzarella, as well as in sports nutrition, kefir, Greek yogurt and skyr.

The metaproduct does not detect salt.

Sugars drop in all departments

The analysis by department confirms the trend. In brackets the weight of each on the metaproduct:

1. food grocery (49.8%): 283.1 kcal (+0.3%), sugars -2.3%, proteins +0.5%, fibers +0.5%;

2. fresh (27.3%): 141.5 kcal (-0.9%), sugars -1.5%, fats -0.9%, stable proteins;

3. cold (7.9%): 152.2 kcal (-0.3%), sugars -1.9%, proteins +1.6%;

4. drinks (10.6%): 35.7 kcal (-1.4%), carbohydrates -2.9%, sugars -3.6%.

The new products follow two paths

The 6,422 new products – which arrived on shelves in 2025 – have an average of 156.5 kcal, The 10% less compared to the assortment, with 17% less carbohydrates and 7.4% less fat. However, they contain more sugars (+18%) and more saturated fatty acids (+7.4%).

The average data brings together two directions. The 'lighter' novelties are found among snacks, snacks desserts, chocolate bars, mayonnaise, piadinas, frozen pizza and kefir. In food grocery and cold stores, the launches are higher in calories than average (+15.4% and +47.5%), with sugars 35.8% higher in the former and more than double in the latter (+108.9%). While the existing assortment loses sugars, part of the innovation adds some.

'Free from', almost a third of food sales

The basket of 'without' e of 'less' brings together the products in this edition free from and those for intolerances: 22,480 references and 12.6 billion euros, i.e. 24.4% of products e The 29.4% of sales of the food sector. In 2025 it will grow by 3.2% in value and 1.4% in volume, with an almost identical contribution from supply (+1.6 percentage points) and demand (+1.5 points). The Observatory measures the first as the presence of products on the shelf and the second as sales rotation.

Intolerances: lactose and gluten

The world of intolerances it is worth over 5.5 billion euros with more than 11,500 products and is growing more than the overall basket, +4.9% in value and +2.9% in volume. In detail:

– ‘lactose free‘: 3,170 products and over 2.4 billion euros, +7.7% in value and +5.5% in volume, compared to +1.4% in volume in 2024 (Strinati, 2025b). It is driven by long-life milk and cheese grain and similar, kefir and functional yogurt;

– ‘gluten free‘: it's the claim most widespread, on 9.5% of products, with over 3.4 billion euros, +2.7% in value and +0.9% in volume. Cold cuts, which account for around 21% of sales, are stable;

– logo Barred Ear (Italian Celiac Association): over 2,000 products and 814 million euros, +5.7% in value and +4.4% in volume, with pasta, baked goods, cereals and jams;

– 'without eggs': stable, -0.2% in value and +0.3% in volume;

– 'without milk': -0.4% in value and -1.7% in volume.

The wording 'gluten-free' is permitted only if the gluten content of the food sold to the final consumer does not exceed 20 mg/kg (EU Reg. 828/2014, Annex). FARE has examined the rules on other gluten-related claims (Dongo, 2026b).

Sugars and fats

'Low sugar' And 'low fat' are the denominations with which the Observatory classifies i claim detected on the label. The indications on the reduction of sugars and fats are almost all growing:

– 'Low sugar': 3,280 products and over 1.7 billion euros, +4.4% in value and +3.8% in volume. They tow chewing gum, milk-replacement vegetable drinks, Greek yogurt and skyr;

– 'no added sugar': 1,971 products and over one billion euros, +6.8% in value and +6.1% in volume. There request it grows almost double the supply (+4.5 points against +2.3);

– 'low fat': 3,243 products and almost 2.1 billion euros, +4.0% in value and +3.1% in volume, after -2% in volume in 2024 (Strinati, 2025b). The boost comes entirely from demand (+4.1 points), with Greek yogurt and skyr, cold cuts, long-life milk and functional yogurt;

– 'few calories': +1.9% in value and +2.1% in volume;

– 'without hydrogenated fats': 587 products and over 267 million euros, stable (+0.4% in value, -0.4% in volume);

– 'without saturated fat': 383 products and 233 million euros, -3.1% in value and -1.9% in volume.

The historical 'withouts' lose volumes

Indications on additives and ingredients lose volume:

– 'without preservatives': it's the second claim by diffusion, on 4.6% of products, and exceeds 3 billion euros. It grew by 1.1% in value but lost 1.2% in volume;

– 'without palm oil': 2,329 products and 1.5 billion euros, -2.5% in value and -4.1% in volume;

– 'without dyes': 1,861 products and almost 984 million euros, -4.9% in value and -6.1% in volume;

– 'without additives': -1.2% in value and -2.3% in volume;

– 'without glutamate': -3.1% in value and -4.2% in volume;

– 'without polyphosphates': -0.8% in value and -2.2% in volume;

– 'without yeast': 212 products and 40.1 million euros, -9.7% in value and -11.0% in volume.

Those without in the supply chain are growing

The indications that the Observatory brings together in the 'formulation' area advance, referring to the way in which the raw material is cultivated or raised:

– ‘without antibiotics‘: 473 products and over 413 million euros, +12.4% in value and +9.9% in volume. Demand grows almost double that of supply (+8.3 points against +4.2), on eggs, fish specialties, chicken and frozen fish;

– 'GMO-free', i.e. without genetically modified organisms: 638 products and almost 428 million euros, +10.3% in value and +9.0% in volume, with kefir, frozen fish and low-fat yogurt in the lead;

– 'without residue' And 'zero residue': 104 products and 39.6 million euros, +14.3% in value and +14.8% in volume. Almost 60% of sales come from semolina pasta and jams;

– 'without or with limited use of pesticides': 161 products and almost 168 million euros, +6.5% in value and +5.9% in volume, with fourth range vegetables, tomatoes and semolina pasta;

– 'without glyphosate': +5.2% in value and +7.8% in volume;

– 'without nitrites': it's the claim emerging, on 37 products approaching 59 million euros, +9.7% in value and +10.3% in volume, with cold cuts, diced cured meats and canned meat.

Rich-in: proteins, lactic ferments and minerals

Products that declare the presence or the'addition of a nutrient are 12,077, with over 5.9 billion euros in sales: almost 14% of the food and drink market. The basket grew by 2.8% in value and 2.0% in volume. I 13 claim monitored, in order of sales:

– 'proteins': 4,065 products and over 2.1 billion euros, +6.3% in value and +5.1% in volume, after the pause in 2024 with volumes stuck at -0.2% (Strinati, 2025b). The most dynamic categories are Greek yogurt, skyr And kefir, followed by cold cuts, parmesan cheeses, sports nutrition And industrial fresh cheeses;

– 'fibres': 4,476 products and 1.7 billion euros, +2.6% in value and +2.7% in volume. Growth comes from the assortment (+2.5 points), while demand is stable (+0.1);

– 'vitamins': +0.4% in value and -0.3% in volume;

– 'whole wheat': 2,259 products and over 976 million euros, stable (-0.3% in value, -0.2% in volume);

– 'soccer': 860 products and over 917 million euros, +6.7% in value and +4.4% in volume, with parmesan cheeses and kefir;

– 'lactic ferments': 665 products and over 609 million euros, +14.2% in value and +12.7% in volume, a pace approximately double compared to 2024 (Strinati, 2025b). It's the claim more dynamic and the only one in which supply and demand push together forcefully (+8.1 and +6.1 points), with kefir, functional yogurt and fermented milk;

– ‘omega 3‘: 745 products and over 430 million euros, -4.9% in value and -5.0% in volume;

– 'magnesium': 486 products and almost 201 million euros, +7.3% in value and +7.2% in volume;

– 'iron': +0.5% in value and -0.4% in volume, after +6.5% in volume in 2024, then the best result of the basket (Strinati, 2025b);

– ‘iodine‘: -1.8% in value and -2.1% in volume;

– 'potassium': 252 products and 73.3 million euros, +6.3% in value and +5.2% in volume;

– 'zinc': stable, +0.3% with unchanged value and volumes;

– 'multigrain': -0.6% in value and volume.

Among the emerging ones, ‘antioxidants‘ (87 products, 52.3 million euros) marks +10.6% in value and +18.0% in volume, on tea, functional yogurt and extra virgin olive oil. On proteins, first claim of the basket by sales, analysts warn that 'the market is entering a more selective phase, with consumers increasingly careful in their choices'.

Breakfast: innovative breakfast is growing

This edition's dossier concerns breakfast, a market worth over 11.5 billion euros, growing by 5.1% in value and 1.4% in volume. The Observatory divides it into two:

– traditional breakfast: almost 7 billion euros, 60% of the total, +2.6% in value and -2.2% in volume;

– innovative breakfast: 4.6 billion euros, +8.9% in value and +7.1% in volume.

Volume sales, 2025 to 2024	traditional breakfast	innovative breakfast
free from, total	-2,9%	+8,0%
lactose free	+2,4%	+9,3%
Few sugars	+3,2%	+13,9%
Without added sugars	+5,2%	+14,4%
Low fat	-2,1%	+11,7%
Rich-in, total	-4,5%	+8,9%
proteins	+3,0%	+23,8%
lactic ferments	+14,2%	+26,9%
Soccer	-1,9%	+12,4%
Magnesium	-5,5%	+15,4%
Italianity, total	-1,4%	+5,0%
Supply chain	-4,4%	+7,7%
Plant-based	+9,3%	+21,9%

Source: GS1 Italy (2026).

In the innovative breakfast The 'free from' generates 48.6% of sales, over 2.2 billion euros. 'lactose-free' alone it covers 20.4% of the value. The products'Rich-in' are 34.1% of references and 38.9% of sales, compared to 9.5% and 8.8% of traditional breakfasts. The claim 'proteins', started with Greek yogurt, skyr and kefir, extends to seeds, grains, eggs and Dried fruit.

The kefir occurs in almost all the growing items in the report: proteins, lactic ferments, calcium, 'lactose-free', 'GMO-free', antioxidants. GIFT compared 27 references (Strinati, 2025a) and described the rules and varieties of Italian yogurt (Dongo, 2026a).

Italianity: PDOs accelerate, '100% Italian' slows down

The call toItalian origin remains the largest phenomenon: 28,817 products, the 27,8% of the food assortment, for over 13.3 billion euros. Sales grew by 1.8% in value with stable volumes. In detail:

– tricolor flag: 16,769 products and 8.1 billion euros, +2.1% in value and +0.1% in volume. Good cold cuts, eggs, ground coffee, mozzarella and frozen vegetables;

– '100% Italian': 9,416 products and 5.5 billion euros, -1.1% in value and -2.2% in volume;

– 'produced in Italy': -0.4% in value and -1.1% in volume.

Geographical indications on the rise

The 5,125 products with protected designation of origin (DOP), controlled designation of origin (DOC) or controlled and guaranteed origin (DOCG) exceed 1.96 billion euros, +4.8% in value and +2.3% in volume, thanks above all to parmesan cheeses and similar. In detail:

– DOP: 1,551 foods and over one billion euros, +9.6% in value and +4.2% in volume, after +5.8% and +2.7% in 2024 (Strinati, 2025b);

– DOC: 2,502 wines and 608 million euros, stable (-0.3% in value and volume);

– DOCG: 1,078 wines and over 347 million euros, +0.9% in value and +1.6% in volume;

– IGP and IGT, i.e. protected geographical indication and typical geographical indication: 2,404 products and over 771 million euros, -0.5% in value and -1.5% in volume.

The regions on the label

The products that declare a region are 11,193 and are worth almost 3.6 billion euros, +0.9% in value with stable volumes. The most dynamic:

– Trentino-Alto Adige: first for sales with almost 481 million euros, +5.2% in value and +4.2% in volume, with DOC and DOCG wines, classic sparkling wine, cold cuts, whole yogurt and mozzarella;

– Sardinia: 742 products and over 278 million euros, +5.7% in value and +3.9% in volume, with milk, wines and mozzarella;

– Puglia: 894 products and almost 264 million euros, +3.6% in value and +3.3% in volume, with IGT wines, mozzarella and taralli;

– Liguria: 212 products and 30.5 million euros, with the best result, +7.1% in value and +6.9% in volume, thanks to extra virgin olive oil, fresh stuffed pasta and olives;

– Marche: 280 products and 53.4 million euros, +4.9% in value and +4.4% in volume;

– Molise: 169 products and 145 million euros, +1.3% in value and +2.7% in volume, with semolina pasta.

Sicily (-2.3% in value, -2.9% in volume), Piedmont (-1.7% and -5.1%) and Emilia-Romagna (-1.5% and -3.7%) fell.

Supply chain and processing, a new basket

From this edition the Observatory also measures references to quality and tradition: 14 claim on 6,867 products, over 3.5 billion euros and 7.2% of food sales, up 2.5% in value and 1.6% in volume. The main ones:

– 'supply chain': 2,845 products and over 2 billion euros, +1.7% in value and +0.2% in volume, with eggs at the top;

– 'traditional': 915 products and over 462 million euros, +3.2% in value and +1.0% in volume;

– 'worked by hand': 352 products and over 203 million euros, with the best balance sheet, +8.7% in value and +8.2% in volume, tuna and fish specialties in the lead;

– 'artisanal': 814 products and approximately 187 million euros, +6.4% in value and +7.1% in volume;

– 'regional': 192 products and 64.8 million euros, +5.0% in value and +3.3% in volume. It grows due to the effect of supply, +8.6 points, while demand drops by 3.6%;

– 'local': 68 products and approximately 58 million euros, +6.2% in value and +7.3% in volume.

Superfoods: mango, oats and chia seeds

Almost 17 out of 100 foods report one of the 41 monitored super ingredients on the label. The basket (15,585 products, almost 5.8 billion euros) grew by 5.3% in value and 2.2% in volume. In detail:

– traditional ingredients: 8,600 products and almost 3.8 billion euros, +4.7% in value and +0.2% in volume. Cocoa, first in terms of sales with over 1.5 billion euros, grew by 8.6% in value and 1.2% in volume. Walnuts rise by 11.8% and 8.0%;

– superfruit: 3,347 products and over 1.2 billion euros, +9.2% in value and +7.7% in volume, with demand increasing by 7.2 points. Mango +21.0% and +21.5%, cashews +15.9% and +12.8%, blueberry +10.1% and +9.5%, almond +9.0% and +5.8%;

– supercereals and flours: 2,211 products and over 676 million euros, +5.2% in value and +5.5% in volume. Oats (699 products, almost 364 million euros) rose by 11.2% and 11.7%, with vegetable drinks replacing milk and breakfast cereals;

– seeds: 540 products and almost 165 million euros, +7.2% in value and +7.4% in volume. Chia seeds scored +44.9% and +45.6%, pumpkin seeds +11.5% and +11.4%, flax seeds -10.6%;

– spices: 851 products and over 100 million euros, +5.6% in value and +4.3% in volume, after -6.9% in volume in 2024 (Strinati, 2025b). Ginger grows by 8.2% and 7.2%;

– Superfoods: 887 products and over 180 million euros, +3.6% in value and +3.0% in volume;

– sweeteners: -4.3% in value and -4.1% in volume. Cane sugar loses 6.3% and 6.2%, stevia is stable.

Food styles, organic and certifications

The basket of food styles includes 5,776 products and approximately 3.2 billion euros, +3.1% in value and +2.1% in volume. Above all, the vocabulary changes:

– 'veg': 5,397 products and over 3 billion euros, +2.5% in value and +1.6% in volume;

– 'vegan': 4,116 products and over 1.5 billion euros, +2.0% in value and +2.4% in volume;

– 'vegetarian': 2,082 products and 1.7 billion euros, +1.8% in value and -0.2% in volume;

– 'plant-based': 152 products and 74.4 million euros, +36,2% in value and +34.0% in volume;

– 'alternative': 265 products and 80.2 million euros, +15.7% in value and +16.8% in volume;

– 'substitute' And 'substitute': 14.5 million euros, -9.4% in value and -11.2% in volume.

Between logos and certifications:

– european logo of biological: 7,897 products and 1.5 billion euros, +3.5% in value and +2.4% in volume, supported by demand (+4.3 points) and eggs;

– kosher: 2,074 products and over 1.3 billion euros, +0.9% in value and +5.0% in volume;

– halal: 680 products and over 440 million euros, stable;

– Forest Stewardship Council (FSC): forestry certification concerns 11,601 products and over 6.1 billion euros, +3.4% in value and +2.5% in volume;

– Fairtrade: 428 products and almost 125 million euros, +8.3% in value with stable volumes.

Even in Pet Food specific benefits prevail over generic references. They grow 'grain free' (+4.8% in value and +4.9% in volume), 'low calories' (+4.8% and +6.0%) and prebiotics (+3.5% and +4.4%), while 'fresh meat or fish' loses 6.0% and 6.4%.

Sustainability: they work claim concrete

the'85.2% of the products, 128,855 references for over 53.5 billion euros, reports at least one indication of sustainability. The new reading, created with the Management Institute of the Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, separates concrete and measurable information from generic information. The first ones grow:

– waste sorting: on 68.8% of products, +2.7% in value and +1.7% in volume;

– recyclability of the packaging: on 62.7% of products, +2.8% in value and +1.8% in volume;

– supply chain regulations, such as organic: 15,190 products and over 7.4 billion euros, +2.5% in value and +1.6% in volume;

– social sustainability: 14,212 products and almost 7.8 billion euros, +3.0% in value and +1.7% in volume;

– animal welfare: approximately 3,100 products and over 1.7 billion euros, +1.8% in value and +2.3% in volume.

The second ones lose their effectiveness:

– claim generic: on 8% of products, still (-0.1% in value, +0.3% in volume);

– 'ecofriendly': -4.8% in value and -4.5% in volume;

– emissions compensation and carbon neutrality: -4.9% in value and -5.1% in volume.

The market has moved in the direction that the rules now require. The new European standards prohibit generic environmental claims when those who use them are unable to demonstrate environmental performance of recognized excellence (EU directive 2024/825, art. 1). Member States will apply them from 27 September 2026 (EU directive 2024/825, art. 4.1). On this topic, see GIFT's analysis on claim environmental (Strinati, 2026) and the case examined by FARE (Dongo, 2026d).

Digital label and online shopping

According to Ipsos research for GS1 Italy cited in the report, 96% of those interviewed regularly consult labels, especially for expiry (63%), provenance and origin (45%), method of use (34%), fat and sugar content (34%).

Online i claim specific items weigh more than in shops. Set equal to 100 the parity between the share of sales on the web and that in physical sales points, 'zinc' reaches 952, 'without sweeteners' at 621, 'without aspartame' at 259, 'potassium' at 232, 'magnesium' at 202, ‘zero residue‘ at 197. On the contrary, '100% Italian' it stops at 86 and the DOP, DOC and DOCG denominations at 30.

Digital platforms allow you to filter products by feature. GS1 Italy also reports that computer-based assistantsartificial intelligence they begin to compare products and compose spending on behalf of users. A product without structured and standardized data risks not appearing in these selections.

What do the data indicate to those who produce and those who sell

Four indications emerge from the data set:

1. Specificity: in each basket the specific message grows more than the generic one. It applies to 'without nitrites' as compared to 'without preservatives', for the PDO compared to '100% Italian', For 'plant-based' as compared to 'substitute', for recyclability compared to 'ecofriendly';

2. Question: where consumers are pushing, as for 'without antibiotics', 'zero residue', 'no added sugar', lactic ferments, superfruit and biological, the phenomenon has more solid foundations. Where only the assortment grows, as for fibers, kosher And 'regional', the shelf precedes the consumer;

3. Sugars: the shelf contains less and consumers reward those who declare it, but some of the new launches go in the opposite direction;

4. Rules: nutritional claims are permitted only if they appear in the European list and comply with its conditions (EC regulation 1924/2006, art. 8.1). 'Source of protein' requires that proteins provide at least 12% of the energy value of the food, 'high in protein' at least 20%. 'Low sugar' allows no more than 5 g of sugars per 100 g in solids or 2.5 g per 100 ml in liquids. 'no added sugar' excludes the addition of mono or disaccharides and any other food used for its sweetening properties (EC regulation 1924/2006, Annex). Directions like 'without antibiotics', 'GMO-free' or 'zero residue' they do not have harmonized conditions of use of this type. The general rules on fair information practices apply (EU regulation 1169/2011, art. 7) and the ability to document what is declared (Dongo, 2022). FARE examined practical cases on proteins and sugars (Dongo, 2023; Dongo, 2026c).

Marta Strinati

References

European Union regulatory sources

Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 828/2014 of 30 July 2014 on the requirements for the provision of information to consumers on the absence or reduced presence of gluten in food. OJ L 228, 31.7.2014, p. 5. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2014/828/oj

Directive (EU) 2024/825 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 28 February 2024 amending Directives 2005/29/EC and 2011/83/EU as regards empowering consumers for the green transition through better protection against unfair practices and through better information. OJ L, 2024/825, 6.3.2024. http://data.europa.eu/eli/dir/2024/825/oj

Regulation (EC) No 1924/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 December 2006 on nutrition and health claims made on foods. Consolidated text: 12/13/2014. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2006/1924/2014-12-13

Regulation (EU) No 1169/2011 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 25 October 2011 on the provision of food information to consumers. Consolidated text: 04/01/2025. http://data.europa.eu/eli/reg/2011/1169/2025-04-01

Reports

GS1 Italy. (2026). Imagine GS1 Italy Observatory, nineteenth edition, 2026 • 1. Product labels tell the story of Italians' consumption. https://servizi.gs1it.org/observatori/observatory-imagination-19/

Insights

Dongo, D. (2022, November 17). 'Antibiotic-free', 'animal welfare', 'selected by us'? DO (Food and Agriculture Requirements). https://fareagrifood.com/2022/11/17/senza-antibiotici-benessere-animale-selezionate-da-noi/

Dongo, D. (2023, March 11). 'x% protein' on the front of the label, is the asterisk needed? DO (Food and Agriculture Requirements). https://fareagrifood.com/2023/03/11/percentuale-proteine-fronte-label/

Dongo, D. (2026a, July 17). Italian yogurt: rules, variety and innovation. GIFT (Great Italian Food Trade). https://www.greatitalianfoodtrade.it/latticini/yogurt-italiano-peculiarita-varieta-associazione%e2%81%a0/

Dongo, D. (2026b, August 7). Claim about gluten on the label: the rules to avoid mistakes. DO (Food and Agriculture Requirements). https://fareagrifood.com/2026/08/07/claim-glutine-label-regole-comparazione/

Dongo, D. (2026c, September 4). 'No added sugar – with sweeteners'? DO (Food and Agriculture Requirements). https://fareagrifood.com/2026/09/04/senza-zuccheri-aggiunti-con-edulcoranti/

Dongo, D. (2026d, October 9). Is 'Protect the environment' on the label an environmental statement? DO (Food and Agriculture Requirements). https://fareagrifood.com/2026/10/09/proteggi-ambiente-label-asserzione-ambientale/

Strinati, M. (2025a, July 19). Kefir, an elixir of life? 27 products compared. GIFT (Great Italian Food Trade). https://www.greatitalianfoodtrade.it/notizie/kefir-un-elisir-di-lunga-vita-27-prodotti-a-confronto/

Strinati, M. (2025b, August 22). The Italians' shopping cart. Imagine Observatory, XVII edition. GIFT (Great Italian Food Trade). https://www.greatitalianfoodtrade.it/notizie/il-carrello-della-spesa-degli-italiani-associazione-imagino-xvii-editore/

Strinati, M. (2026, May 21). Environmental claims: the Italian model passes the test. GIFT (Great Italian Food Trade). https://www.greatitalianfoodtrade.it/notizie/rappello-claim-ambientali-greenwashing-italia/